Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
High-Speed Human Temporal Bone Sectioning for the Assessment of COVID-19-Associated Middle Ear Pathology
Published on: May 18, 2022
Temporal bone study of Down's syndrome
H Bilgin1, L Kasemsuwan, P A Schachern
1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, USA.
Objective:
To study temporal bone histopathologic characteristics of the inner ear and middle ear cleft of patients with Down's syndrome.
Design:
Sixteen temporal bones from eight patients with Down's syndrome were studied. Ten temporal bones from subjects without pathologic ear lesions but with congenital heart disease served as controls. The two-dimensional graphic reconstruction method proposed by Guild and modified by Schuknecht was used to study the cochleas; measurement of the vestibules was based on Igarashi's method.
Setting:
The temporal bone collection of the Otitis Media Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis.
Results:
Six bones showed short cochlea, and four of six had Mondini's cochlea. The overall cochlear lengths in this study group were notably shorter than those of the controls. The spiral ganglion cell population and two of three vestibular dimensions also were notably less than the controls. Middle ear findings included residual mesenchyme, stapes abnormality, otitis media, and large facial canal dehiscence.
Conclusions:
The difficulties encountered in rehabilitation of patients with Down's syndrome caused by mental retardation can be compounded by the hearing loss caused by middle and inner ear abnormalities. A complete evaluation of hearing loss and therapy before starting the rehabilitation gives the most favorable outcome.
More Related Videos
02:42Analysis of Craniomaxillofacial Malformations in Mice Using Three-dimensional Microcomputed Tomography
Published on: January 17, 2025
08:03Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
Related Concept Videos
01:29Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
01:14Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
01:27Cranial Bones: Lateral View
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...