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Molecular characterization of newly recognized rodent parvoviruses
D G Besselsen1, D J Pintel, G A Purdy
1Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
Abstract:
Several autonomous rodent parvoviruses distinct from the prototypic rodent parvoviruses have been isolated. These include variants of a mouse parvovirus (MPV), a hamster isolate designated hamster parvovirus (HaPV), and a variant strain of minute virus of mice (MVM) designated MVM-Cutter or MVM(c). In this study, the DNA sequence of the coding regions of the viral genome and the predicted protein sequences for each of these new isolates were determined and compared to the immunosuppressive and prototypic strains of MVM [MVM(i) and MVM(p)], the rodent parvovirus H-1, and LuIII, an autonomous parvovirus of uncertain host origin. Sequence comparisons showed that the MPV isolates were almost identical, HaPV was very similar to MPV, and MVM(c) was most similar to MVM(i) and MVM(p). Haemagglutination inhibition assays revealed that MPV and HaPV represent two serotypes distinct from previously characterized rodent parvovirus serotypes while MVM(c) belongs to the MVM serotype. Each of the newly isolated rodent parvoviruses was shown to encapsidate a predominantly negative-sense 5 kb DNA genome and to encode two nonstructural proteins (NS1 and NS2) and two structural viral proteins (VP1 and VP2). These studies indicate that MPV and HaPV are autonomous parvoviruses distinct from previously characterized parvoviruses and MVM(c) is a variant strain of MVM distinct from MVM(i) and MVM(p).
Insights
New rodent parvoviruses, mouse parvovirus (MPV) and hamster parvovirus (HaPV), represent distinct serotypes. Minute virus of mice variant MVM(c) is closely related to existing strains, expanding parvovirus diversity.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Autonomous rodent parvoviruses are a diverse group.
- New isolates, including mouse parvovirus (MPV), hamster parvovirus (HaPV), and minute virus of mice variant MVM(c), have emerged.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the genetic and antigenic properties of novel rodent parvovirus isolates.
- To compare these isolates with known rodent parvoviruses and autonomous parvoviruses.
Main Methods:
- DNA sequencing of viral genomes and prediction of protein sequences.
- Comparative sequence analysis.
- Haemagglutination inhibition assays for serotyping.
Main Results:
- MPV isolates were nearly identical; HaPV was highly similar to MPV; MVM(c) was most similar to MVM(i) and MVM(p).
- MPV and HaPV represent two new serotypes, distinct from known rodent parvoviruses.
- MVM(c) belongs to the MVM serotype.
- All new isolates encode characteristic parvovirus nonstructural (NS1, NS2) and structural (VP1, VP2) proteins and encapsidate a 5 kb DNA genome.
Conclusions:
- MPV and HaPV are autonomous parvoviruses, distinct from previously identified types.
- MVM(c) is a variant strain of MVM, closely related to existing immunosuppressive and prototypic strains.