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Psychological response to cervical screening

S Bell1, M Porter, H Kitchener

  • 1Department of Mental Health, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom.

Preventive Medicine
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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A positive cervical smear can be psychologically distressing for some women. This distress can manifest as anxiety and social adjustment issues, regardless of the management strategy employed.

Area of Science:

  • Gynecological Health
  • Psychological Impact of Medical Procedures
  • Cancer Screening

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the psychological burden of cervical screening.
  • Concerns regarding potential negative psychological effects of cervical screening are frequently expressed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the psychological costs associated with cervical screening.
  • To assess the psychological adjustment of women undergoing cervical screening and colposcopy.

Main Methods:

  • Interviewed 75 women with mild/moderately dyskaryotic smears (surveillance).
  • Interviewed 75 women referred for colposcopy after severe dyskaryosis.
  • Interviewed 75 controls with negative cytology results.
  • Assessed psychological adjustment using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

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Main Results:

  • Women with abnormal smears reported higher distress than controls.
  • Anxiety levels were highest in women referred for colposcopy.
  • Women in surveillance experienced increased social adjustment difficulties compared to controls.
  • High anxiety correlated with social maladjustment and negative self-perception.

Conclusions:

  • A positive cervical smear can be psychologically traumatic for a notable number of women.
  • Psychological impact is observed irrespective of the chosen management strategy.
  • Addressing psychological well-being is crucial in cervical screening protocols.