The Schultz-Dale response of sensitized canine bronchial smooth muscle

We wished to determine why in vitro agonist dose-response curves show reduced leftward shift (1/2-1 log dose units) in sensitized canine airway smooth muscle compared to curves elicited in vivo (2-3 log dose unit). The Schultz-Dale response was studied in sensitized dog tracheal (TSM) and bronchial (BSM) smooth muscle. Sensitized TSM challenged with specific antigen showed greater mechanical response, but only on exposure to 300 micrograms/ml; BSM responded to concentrations of ragweed as low as 0.001 microgram/ml. This result resolved the problem cited at the outset. Control TSM and BSM showed no response. The response in BSM is mediated through histamine release, and to a smaller extent by acetylcholine. With challenge release of histamine and acetylcholine increased significantly in sensitized airway smooth muscle. Integrated contractile responses obtained with high and low concentrations of antigen showed a dose-response relationship. Increased sensitivity of BSM to antigen compared to TSM indicates the former is the preparation of choice for study of allergic bronchoconstriction.