The kinetics of MHC class I and class II expression in rat renal allografts

We have used in vivo localization of radiolabeled antibodies in a rat renal transplant model to compare the level of induction of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules in grafts undergoing rejection with grafts in which rejection was modified by cyclosporine (CsA). MHC class II expression increased in rejecting grafts, peaking on day 4, whereas a later rise in CsA-treated grafts was noted. The use of donor-specific antibodies demonstrated that this was due, in part, to a rise in class II of donor origin. No major differences in MHC class I levels were noted between the two groups until after day 4, when very little antibody localization was seen in the rejecting group. Our results suggest that therapeutic doses of CsA may not prevent the upregulation of class II that occurs during rejection, and that levels of class II are not of prognostic value in kidney transplantation.