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Gastroesophageal reflux and cow's milk allergy in infants: a prospective study

G Iacono1, A Carroccio, F Cavataio

  • 1Second Divisione Pediatria, Ospedale G. di Cristina, Universita di Palermo, Italy.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 1, 1996

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary

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  • Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  • Paediatrics
  • Infant And Child Health
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux And Cow's Milk Allergy In Infants: A Prospective Study
    • This summary is machine-generated.

    Gastroesophageal reflux in infants may be linked to cow's milk allergy. This study found a 41.8% association, suggesting allergy testing for refluxing infants under one year old.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Gastroenterology
    • Allergy Immunology

    Background:

    • Emerging evidence suggests a link between food allergies and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children.
    • Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common concern in infants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the frequency of GER associated with CMPA in infants under one year of age.
    • To differentiate between primary GER and GER secondary to CMPA.

    Main Methods:

    • 204 infants diagnosed with GER via 24-hour pH monitoring and esophageal biopsy were studied.
    • Diagnostic methods included clinical history, allergy testing (IgE, prick tests, eosinophils), and a cow's milk-free diet with blind challenges.

    Main Results:

    • Cow's milk allergy was confirmed in 85 out of 204 patients (41.8%) with GER.
    • Infants with GER and CMPA showed different clinical presentations, including higher rates of diarrhea and atopic dermatitis.
    • Allergy testing and dietary challenges confirmed CMPA as a likely cause of GER in a significant portion of patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Cow's milk allergy is a frequent, likely causative factor for GER in infants under 12 months.
    • Routine evaluation for CMPA is recommended for infants presenting with GER symptoms.
    • Early diagnosis and management of CMPA can potentially resolve GER in affected infants.

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