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Electrical stimulation and swimming performance

F Pichon1, J C Chatard, A Martin

  • 1Groupe Analyse du Mouvement, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
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Three weeks of electrostimulation training significantly improved the strength of the latissimus dorsi muscle and enhanced swimming performance in competitive swimmers. This training method offers a new approach to boost athletic capabilities.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Electrostimulation training is increasingly explored as a method to enhance athletic performance.
  • The latissimus dorsi muscle plays a crucial role in swimming propulsion.
  • Limited research exists on the specific effects of electrostimulation on latissimus dorsi strength and swimming outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a 3-week electrostimulation training program on latissimus dorsi muscle strength.
  • To evaluate the effect of this training on the swimming performance of competitive swimmers.
  • To determine the correlation between changes in muscle strength and improvements in swimming speed.

Main Methods:

  • 14 competitive swimmers were divided into an electrostimulated group (EG) and a control group (CG).

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  • Peak torque of the latissimus dorsi was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer across various velocities.
  • Swimming performance was assessed via 25-m pull buoy and 50-m freestyle times.

    • Main Results:

    • The electrostimulated group (EG) showed significant increases in peak torque under isometric, eccentric, and concentric conditions.
    • EG demonstrated significant improvements in swimming times for both the 25-m pull buoy and 50-m freestyle.
    • No significant changes in strength or performance were observed in the control group (CG).
    • A strong positive correlation was found between increased eccentric peak torque and improved swimming performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Electrostimulation training of the latissimus dorsi muscle effectively enhances muscular strength.
    • This targeted electrostimulation program leads to measurable improvements in competitive swimming performance.
    • Electrostimulation presents a viable training modality for swimmers seeking to increase strength and speed.