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Hypophysitis in surgical and autoptical specimens

D Sautner1, W Saeger, D K Lüdecke

  • 1Department of Pathology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, Germany.

Acta Neuropathologica
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces "secondary hypophysitis," a new inflammatory pituitary disease entity. It arises from surrounding tumors, distinct from primary pituitary inflammation, offering a refined classification for these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Inflammatory diseases of the pituitary gland are diverse.
  • Existing classifications may not fully encompass all inflammatory pituitary pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a new entity of pituitary inflammation termed "secondary hypophysitis."
  • To extend the classification of inflammatory pituitary diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of clinical and histological findings from 11 cases of inflammatory anterior pituitary lesions (8 surgical, 3 autopsy).
  • Histological examination to characterize tissue composition and cellular infiltrate.

Main Results:

  • Five surgical cases demonstrated inflammatory extension into the pituitary from surrounding sellar region tumors (craniopharyngiomas, prolactinoma), defining "secondary hypophysitis."

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  • Other cases included granulomatous hypophysitis, pituitary abscesses, lymphocytic hypophysitis, and scarring.
  • Secondary hypophysitis showed fibrous and granulation tissue with equal B and T lymphocytes, lacking granulomas.

    • Conclusions:

    • "Secondary hypophysitis" represents a distinct inflammatory pituitary entity originating from adjacent pathology.
    • The current classification of pituitary inflammatory diseases should be expanded to include this new entity.
    • Understanding secondary hypophysitis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of pituitary lesions.