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[Zinc and diabetes mellitus]

S Ripa¹, R Ripa

¹Casa di Cura Villa Maria - Rimini, Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale, Università degli Studi, Ferrara.

|October 1, 1995

Summary

Type 1 and 2 diabetes patients often show low zinc levels, leading to hyperglycemia. Zinc supplementation may improve insulin secretion and action, addressing diabetes complications.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Nutritional Science
Metabolic Disorders

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and 2) is frequently associated with altered zinc homeostasis.
Chronic zinc deficiency impacts cellular function and hormone regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of zinc depletion in the pathophysiology of diabetes.
To explore the potential benefits of zinc supplementation in managing diabetes.

Main Methods:

Analysis of zinc levels (blood and cellular) and mineral clearance in diabetic patients.
Assessment of insulin secretion and biological action in relation to zinc status.
Evaluation of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) levels and receptor expression.

Main Results:

Diabetic patients exhibit low blood zinc, high urinary zinc excretion, and severe cellular zinc depletion.
Zinc deficiency is linked to hyperglycemia, reduced pancreatic insulin secretion, and decreased insulin action in the liver.
Reduced IGF-I levels and increased insulin/IGF-I resistance and receptor depletion are observed in diabetics.

Conclusions:

Chronic zinc deficit is a significant factor in diabetes pathophysiology, affecting insulin secretion and action.
Zinc supplementation, particularly in gastric-protective formulations, is a promising therapeutic strategy for managing diabetes and its complications.

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