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Heart rate variability during sleep in Down's syndrome

H Sei¹, T Enai, H Y Chang

¹Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Japan.

Physiology & Behavior

|December 1, 1995

Summary

Young adults with Down's syndrome (DS) show lower heart rate (HR) variability during REM sleep compared to controls. This suggests reduced sympathetic nerve activity in individuals with DS during this sleep stage.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Neurology
Sleep Medicine

Background:

Heart rate (HR) variability reflects autonomic nervous system function.
Down's syndrome (DS) may impact autonomic regulation during sleep.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate heart rate variability (HRV) during the sleep-wake cycle in young adults with Down's syndrome (DS).
To compare autonomic nervous system activity between DS individuals and normal controls during different sleep stages.

Main Methods:

Spectral analysis of spontaneous HR fluctuations during sleep stages.
10-minute recordings of HR were analyzed in young adults with DS and age-matched controls.

Main Results:

A significant reduction in the middle-frequency (0.05-0.15 cycles/beat) component of HRV was observed in DS subjects during REM sleep.

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This component, reflecting combined sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, was lower in DS.

No significant difference was found in the high-frequency component (parasympathetic activity).

Conclusions:

Sympathetic nerve activity during REM sleep may be lower in young adults with Down's syndrome.
Autonomic dysfunction during REM sleep could be a characteristic of Down's syndrome.