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Sociodemographic variation in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease
1Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Insights
Cardiovascular disease prevalence increases with age and is higher in men. These conditions are more common in individuals with lower education, income, and employment status, indicating significant sociodemographic inequalities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health burden.
- Understanding the prevalence and social determinants of CVDs is crucial for effective public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its associated social factors.
- To identify sociodemographic inequalities in CVD prevalence within a Canadian population.
Main Methods:
- A population-based cross-sectional survey conducted in Saskatchewan in 1990.
- Utilized a standardized home interview and clinic visit for data collection.
- Employed the London School of Hygiene's Rose Questionnaire to identify angina, infarction, intermittent claudication, and stroke.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of definite angina, possible infarction, definite infarction, and intermittent claudication increased with age in both men and women.
- These CVD manifestations were generally more prevalent in men than in women.
- Higher prevalence was observed among individuals with lower educational attainment, lower income, and unemployment.
Conclusions:
- Significant sociodemographic inequalities exist in the prevalence of CVD manifestations.
- Further qualitative research is needed to explore the causal factors underlying these disparities.
- Targeted health promotion programs are essential to address CVD inequalities.
Objective:
To estimate the prevalence and social correlates of cardiovascular disease.
Design:
Population-based cross-sectional survey. Survey data were obtained through a standardized home interview and a clinic visit by trained nurses. The question sequence of the London School of Hygiene (the Rose Questionnaire) was used to identify the presence of definite angina, possible infarction, definite infarction, intermittent claudication and stroke.
Setting:
Eight urban communities and rural areas in Saskatchewan in 1990.
Participants:
A probability sample of 2167 noninstitutionalized men and women aged 18 to 74 years who participated in the Saskatchewan Heart Health Survey.
Main Outcome Measures:
Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases.
Results:
Among men, the prevalence of definite angina increased gradually with age from 1.7% (95% CI 0.6% to 2.7%) in the 18 to 34 year group, 3.8% (1.3% to 6.0%) in the 35 to 54 year group to 4.8% (2.8% to 8.3%) in the 55 to 74 year group, while the prevalence among women ranged from 2.5% (1.2 to 3.7%), 4.0% (1.6% to 6.5%) to 7.1% (5.1% to 11.6%) in these same age groups. The prevalence of possible angina, definite infarction, possible infarction and intermittent claudication increased with age as well, being higher in men than in women. Generally, the conditions were more prevalent among those with less education, lower income and those who were unemployed.
Conclusions:
These findings indicate that there is sociodemographic inequality in the prevalence of these manifestations of cardiovascular disease, and there is a need for in-depth qualitative research into causal factors in this relationship and for targeted programs of health promotion.
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