Luteinized thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis

Clement and colleagues recently described a group of six patients who had spindle cell proliferations of the ovary resembling luteinized thecomas. A fatal case of extensive sclerosing peritonitis associated with an identical ovarian proliferation is reported. In addition, several other cases in the literature that almost certainly represent the same disease entity have been identified. To our knowledge, this report increases the number of cases to 13. The extensive peritoneal disease along with the high mitotic activity of the ovarian tumor resulted in the diagnosis of peritoneal dissemination of an ovarian cancer in some cases, including the one currently described. Awareness of this newly described condition, which may be more common than previously thought, may help prevent further misdiagnosis.