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Renal vein occlusion: a review
M Witz1, A Kantarovsky, B Morag
1Vascular Surgery Unit, Meir Hospital, Tel Aviv, Israel.
The Journal of Urology
|April 1, 1996
Summary
Renal vein occlusion, often linked to nephrotic syndrome, requires prompt medical management including fluid correction and anticoagulation to preserve kidney function. Early diagnosis through various imaging techniques is crucial for effective treatment.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Renal vein occlusion encompasses diverse etiologies, with a specific focus on left renal vein division during abdominal aortic surgery.
- Understanding renal vascular anatomy is key to comprehending pathophysiological responses and clinical presentations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the various causes of renal occlusion.
- To highlight the significance of left renal vein division in abdominal aortic surgery.
Main Methods:
- Diagnostic modalities include excretory urography, ultrasound, nuclear scan, angiography, venography, CT, and MRI.
- Therapeutic goals focus on preserving renal parenchyma and function.
Main Results:
- Medical treatment is primary, involving fluid/electrolyte correction, dialysis, antihypertensives, and anticoagulation.
- Thrombolysis may be indicated in select cases.
Conclusions:
- Adult renal vein occlusion is often secondary to venous thrombosis, frequently associated with nephrotic syndrome.
- Kidney response depends on disease acuity, collateral circulation, bilaterality, and underlying cause.
- Renal vein occlusion can be a primary condition or a complication of other diseases.