Helicobacter pylori serology in patients with chronic gastritis

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is known to cause several gastroduodenal diseases. In patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, we assessed the link between Hp infection and gastric mucosal inflammation, as well as the influence of Hp and inflammation on the serum levels of anti-Hp antibodies (IgG), pepsinogen A (PGA), pepsinogen C (PGC), and gastrin.

Entering the study were 221 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, all of whom underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Of the 221 patients investigated, 135 (61%) were Hp positive. The higher the bacterial load, the worse the associated gastritis, the gastric antrum and body being considered. All of the serological indices studied were found to be influenced by gastritis. Serum IgG satisfactorily discriminated between Hp-positive and Hp-negative subjects, with a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 86%. PGC, PGA, and gastrin were less accurate. Only PGC only found to be correlated with Hp load. The product of IgG and PGC improved the diagnostic accuracy of IgG alone.

Hp infection, frequently found in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, is associated with gastric mucosal inflammation; of the indices studied, serum IgG and PGC most accurately indicated Hp infection, and their product may be proposed as an aid in diagnosing Hp infection in dyspeptic patients.