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Biochemical abnormalities in neonatal seizures

A Kumar1, V Gupta, J S Kachhawaha

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi.

Indian Pediatrics
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Early diagnosis of biochemical abnormalities in neonatal seizures is crucial. Two-thirds of infants with seizures had serum imbalances like hyponatremia and hypoglycemia, impacting brain health.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Biochemical abnormalities accompanying neonatal seizures require prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent further brain damage.
  • Neonatal seizures necessitate understanding underlying biochemical disturbances for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of various biochemical abnormalities in neonatal seizures.
  • To identify common biochemical disturbances associated with neonatal seizures in a cohort of 35 neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and blood glucose were measured in 35 neonates with seizures.
  • Diagnostic evaluation focused on identifying biochemical imbalances contributing to or accompanying neonatal seizures.

Main Results:

  • Two-thirds of neonates with seizures exhibited biochemical disturbances.
  • Common abnormalities included hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia, particularly in asphyxiated infants.
  • Primary metabolic disorders (hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia) accounted for one-fourth of cases, with risk factors including intrauterine growth restriction and inadequate feeding.

Conclusions:

  • Biochemical abnormalities are frequent in neonatal seizures, necessitating routine screening.
  • Hyponatremia is a common finding in seizures related to brain injury (e.g., birth asphyxia, meningitis).
  • Metabolic derangements, influenced by feeding practices and intrauterine factors, are significant contributors to neonatal seizures.

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