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Related Experiment Videos

Airborne pollutants and the immune system

J F Albright1, R A Goldstein

  • 1Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Airborne pollutants can trigger immune responses in the lungs, leading to inflammation, autoimmune diseases, or immunosuppression. Genetic factors influence susceptibility, but research is ongoing to understand these complex pollutant-induced immune disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Immunotoxicology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Airborne pollutants enter the respiratory tract as gases, liquids, or particulates.
  • These pollutants interact with the immune system, causing local and systemic effects.
  • Pollutants often require conjugation with other substances to elicit an immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review immunologically mediated disorders caused by airborne pollutants.
  • To highlight examples of local and systemic immune responses to inhaled substances.
  • To discuss the challenges in studying pollutant-induced immune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on airborne pollutants and immune system effects.
  • Examples of specific pollutant-induced conditions are presented.

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  • Discussion of the mechanisms and challenges in the field.

    • Main Results:

    • Inhalation of ozone can cause non-specific lung inflammation.
    • Beryllium exposure can lead to T-lymphocyte mediated chronic lung disease.
    • Mercury can induce autoimmune diseases in animal models.
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may cause immunosuppression.
    • Toluene diisocyanate can trigger occupational asthma.

    Conclusions:

    • Airborne pollutants can induce a wide range of immune disorders.
    • Genetic predisposition plays a role in susceptibility to these diseases.
    • Further research is needed due to limitations in in vitro models and identifying active substances.