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Related Experiment Videos

Perceiving persons and groups

D L Hamilton1, S J Sherman

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106, USA. hamilton@psych.ucsb.edu

Psychological Review
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Forming impressions of people and groups shares similarities but yields different outcomes. Differing expectancies of unity and coherence influence how we process information and make judgments about individuals versus groups.

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Impression formation involves creating mental conceptions of targets based on information.
  • Existing evidence shows divergent outcomes when impressions are based on identical behavioral data for individuals and groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze similarities and differences in forming impressions of individuals and groups.
  • To propose a model explaining differential outcomes in impression formation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on impression formation.
  • Development of a theoretical model.

Main Results:

  • Both individual and group impression formation involve developing mental conceptions from available information.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identical behavioral information can lead to different impression outcomes for individuals and groups.

    • Conclusions:

    • A proposed model highlights the role of expectancies of unity and coherence.
    • These expectancies influence distinct information processing and judgment mechanisms for individuals and groups.