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Risk assessment related to veterinary biologicals: specific issues in developing nations
1Food and Agriculture Organisation, Animal Production and Health Division, Rome, Italy.
Revue Scientifique Et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)
|December 1, 1995
Summary
This review examines technical and socio-economic challenges for veterinary biologicals in developing nations. It highlights the need for scientifically-valid risk assessment and harmonized guidelines to support livestock health and trade.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Risk Assessment
- International Trade
Background:
- Developing nations face unique challenges with veterinary biologicals, including specific diseases and socio-economic factors impacting their use and trade.
- Technical issues like quality assurance and end-user education are universal, but their application requires context-specific approaches in developing countries.
- Perceived, non-scientific issues significantly influence the trade and adoption of veterinary biologicals, necessitating scientifically-grounded solutions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review technical and socio-economic issues affecting veterinary biologicals in developing nations.
- To emphasize the necessity of scientifically-valid health risk assessment methodologies tailored for developing countries.
- To explore solutions for perceived problems, the cost gap between conventional and new products, and the impact of international trade agreements.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of technical and socio-economic factors influencing veterinary biologicals.
- Analysis of health risk assessment principles and their application in diverse national contexts.
- Examination of trade implications, including the effects of the Uruguay Round agreements.
Main Results:
- Technical issues (quality assurance, GMP, education, monitoring) are critical and require tailored approaches in developing nations.
- Unique regional diseases and high prevalence rates necessitate specific risk assessment considerations.
- Socio-economic concerns, even if not scientifically based, significantly impact the market and use of veterinary biologicals.
Conclusions:
- Scientifically-based risk assessment and management guidelines are crucial for developing nations to ensure the safe and effective use of veterinary biologicals.
- Harmonized international norms for risk assessment are needed to facilitate trade and support livestock farmers.
- Addressing the cost disparity between existing and novel veterinary products is essential for equitable access and improved animal health outcomes.