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Calcium, phosphorus and human bone development

J J Anderson1

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Schools of Public Health and Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.

The Journal of Nutrition
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
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Adequate calcium intake is crucial for females to achieve peak bone mass and maintain bone health throughout life. Insufficient calcium may lead to lower bone mass, potentially linked to parathyroid hormone levels.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Bone Health
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Peak bone mass is critical for lifelong skeletal health in females.
  • Adequate calcium intake is essential for achieving and maintaining bone mass.
  • Inadequate calcium may contribute to suboptimal bone development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between calcium intake and bone mass in females.
  • To explore potential mechanisms contributing to low bone mass.
  • To identify risk factors for suboptimal bone mass development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of investigations on dietary calcium consumption and bone mass/density.
  • Emphasis on prospective studies supporting the calcium-bone mass relationship.
  • Proposal of three potential mechanisms for low bone mass development.

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Main Results:

  • Strong evidence supports adequate calcium intake for greater bone mass in females.
  • Inadequate early-life calcium intake may result in low bone mass.
  • Elevated parathyroid hormone is implicated in proposed low bone mass mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Females need to meet Recommended Dietary Allowances for calcium for optimal bone health.
  • Low calcium:high phosphorus intake is a potential, under-tested mechanism for low bone mass in the US.
  • Further research is needed on risk factors for suboptimal bone mass in affluent nations.