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Acute renal failure in eastern India

J Prakash1, K Tripathi, V Malhotra

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

This study on acute renal failure (ARF) in 426 patients found diarrheal diseases, obstructive uropathy, and septic abortion were primary causes. These factors contrast with those typically seen in European countries.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Acute renal failure (ARF) presents a significant health challenge, with diverse etiological factors globally.
  • Understanding regional variations in ARF causes is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the primary etiological factors of acute renal failure (ARF) in a large patient cohort.
  • To analyze the distribution of ARF causes across medical, surgical, and obstetric categories.
  • To compare the etiological profile of ARF with findings from European countries.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 426 patients diagnosed with acute renal failure (ARF) between 1984 and 1992.
  • Categorization of ARF causes into medical, surgical, and obstetric groups.
  • Identification of specific etiological factors including volume depletion, glomerulonephritis, nephrotoxins, malaria, and uropathy.

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Main Results:

  • Medical causes accounted for 68.3% of ARF cases, followed by surgical (17.8%) and obstetric (14%).
  • Leading causes included gastrointestinal fluid loss (35.2%), obstructive uropathy (13%), and post-abortal complications (10.5%).
  • Overall mortality due to ARF was 19.2%.

Conclusions:

  • Diarrheal diseases, obstructive uropathy, and septic abortion were identified as the predominant causes of ARF in this cohort.
  • The etiological landscape of ARF in this study differs significantly from that observed in European nations, highlighting geographical disparities.
  • Findings underscore the importance of addressing infectious and obstructive causes of ARF in specific regions.