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Heart rate variability in systemic hypertension

H V Huikuri1, A Ylitalo, S M Pikkujämsä

  • 1Division of Cardiology and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|May 15, 1996
PubMed
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Long-standing hypertension reduces heart rate (HR) variability and autonomic responses. These changes are primarily linked to elevated blood pressure and obesity in hypertensive males.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research
  • Hypertension Studies

Background:

  • Low heart rate (HR) variability is a known risk factor for cardiac mortality.
  • The impact of long-standing hypertension on autonomic HR modulation requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare HR variability and autonomic modulation between hypertensive and normotensive males.
  • To determine if hypertension is associated with altered autonomic control of HR.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of time and frequency domain measures of HR variability in 168 hypertensive and 188 normotensive males.
  • Analysis of spectral components and normalized frequency components during postural changes.
  • Multiple regression analysis to identify predictors of HR variability.

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Main Results:

  • Hypertensive subjects exhibited lower overall HR variability (reduced RR interval standard deviation and spectral components).
  • Hypertensive subjects showed blunted autonomic responses to postural changes.
  • Systolic blood pressure was a significant predictor of HR variability in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Long-standing hypertension is associated with reduced HR variability and impaired autonomic responses.
  • Elevated blood pressure and obesity are the primary drivers of altered autonomic HR modulation in hypertensive males.
  • These findings highlight the cardiovascular implications of hypertension-related autonomic dysfunction.