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[Low digestive hemorrhage caused by amebic colitis]

J Gironés Vila1, J Roig García, A Codina Cazador

  • 1Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona.

Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Amebiasis, an Entamoeba histolytica infection, can cause severe colitis. This case highlights a traveler who developed fulminant amebic colitis requiring emergency surgery and colectomy.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Colorectal Surgery

Background:

  • Amebiasis is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, capable of invading the colon mucosa.
  • Clinical presentations range from asymptomatic to severe colitis, with potential for perforation and bleeding.

Observation:

  • A patient with recent travel to India presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever.
  • Initial treatment with metronidazole and steroids was given due to diagnostic uncertainty between Crohn's Disease and amebic colitis.

Findings:

  • The patient developed fulminant colitis with massive lower intestinal bleeding, necessitating emergency surgery.
  • Surgical findings included perforations of the cecum and rectum, leading to a total colectomy with ileostomy.

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Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering amebiasis in travelers presenting with severe colitis, even with initial diagnostic ambiguity.
  • Prompt surgical intervention may be life-saving in fulminant amebic colitis with complications like perforation and massive hemorrhage.