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Labial sensory function following sagittal split osteotomy

C A Pratt1, H Tippett, J D Barnard

  • 1Maxillofacial Unit, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK.

The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Sagittal split osteotomy can cause lasting changes in lip sensation. Intermaxillary fixation resulted in more sensory changes than miniplates, with some patients experiencing undetected impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Neurosensory Research
  • Orthognathic Surgery Outcomes

Background:

  • Sagittal split osteotomy is a common procedure in orthognathic surgery.
  • Labial sensory nerve alterations are a known complication, but prevalence and influencing factors require further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively assess long-term labial sensory function after sagittal split osteotomy.
  • To identify factors associated with sensory changes, including fixation methods and surgical extent.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 90 surgical cases (1979-1992).
  • Combination of medical record review, postal questionnaires, and objective sensory testing.
  • Comparison of sensory outcomes based on fixation techniques (intermaxillary fixation vs. miniplates).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Persistent sensory changes were observed in 6.7% of patients at 2 years post-surgery.
  • Questionnaires revealed higher sensory alteration rates (5.9% anesthesia, 28% subtle impairment) than initial records.
  • Intermaxillary fixation correlated with a higher incidence of sensory changes compared to miniplates.
  • Duration of temporary sensory change was associated with the magnitude of mandibular advancement.

Conclusions:

  • Labial sensory impairment is a relevant outcome following sagittal split osteotomy, with some patients experiencing persistent deficits.
  • Fixation method significantly influences the risk of sensory alterations.
  • Objective testing highlights subclinical sensory deficits in patients reporting normal sensation, underscoring the need for comprehensive assessment.