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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
Published on: June 3, 2013
[Expectancy effect in recognition of persons, or: on the tendency to corroborate perceptual hypotheses]
Abstract:
Two policemen who had been following and observing two young men for several hours appeared as witnesses in a criminal court case. They claimed that they had observed the young men from a distance of 375 meters putting concrete slabs onto a railway track. In order to determine whether person identification is possible at a distance of 375 meters, a field experiment was carried out. The results show that person identification at a distance of 375 meters is almost impossible. Any spontaneous identification with the naked eye is based on expectations. When using a pair of binoculars, identification is possible, but the rate of false alarms is higher than 60 percent. The results are discussed with reference to theories of perceptual and social psychology.
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