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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Neuroimaging in pediatric epilepsy

R I Kuzniecky¹

¹UAB Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-0021, USA.

|January 1, 1996

Summary

Neuroimaging, including MRI and functional techniques, is crucial for diagnosing and understanding epilepsy. These advanced tools improve the management and treatment of seizure disorders in children.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Epilepsy diagnosis and management have been significantly advanced by neuroimaging.
High-resolution ultrasound is valuable for neonatal seizures, while CT has a limited role.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred modality for seizure disorder investigation due to its high sensitivity and detailed anatomical information.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the role of various neuroimaging techniques in the diagnosis and understanding of epilepsy.
To highlight the increasing importance of functional neuroimaging in managing seizure disorders.

Main Methods:

Review of current neuroimaging modalities including ultrasound, CT, MRI, SPECT, PET, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional MRI.
Emphasis on the application of these techniques in pediatric epilepsy.

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A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

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Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

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Main Results:

MRI is the gold standard for structural evaluation in epilepsy.
Functional imaging techniques (SPECT, PET, fMRI, MRS) offer noninvasive insights into epileptic activity, metabolism, and neuroreceptors.
Customized MRI protocols are essential for addressing specific clinical questions.

Conclusions:

Neuroimaging plays a pivotal role in advancing the understanding and treatment of epilepsy.
Functional neuroimaging techniques are increasingly vital for comprehensive patient management.
Continued application of advanced imaging promises improved outcomes for children with seizures.