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Spinal arteriovenous malformation presenting as meningitis
Abstract:
An 8-month-old boy presented with a two-day history of lethargy. Meningitis was suspected, and cerebrospinal fluid examination demonstrated pleocytosis and elevated protein. After initial improvement with antibiotic and steroid therapy, progressive lower extremity weakness developed, and a midthoracic spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was diagnosed. These lesions present rarely in infancy; the classification and pathophysiology of spinal cord AVMs are reviewed.
Insights
A rare infant spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (AVM) caused progressive weakness after initial meningitis treatment. This case highlights the importance of considering AVMs in infants with neurological decline.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Vascular Malformations
Background:
- Spinal cord arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular anomalies.
- Infantile presentations of spinal cord AVMs are particularly uncommon.
Observation:
- An 8-month-old boy presented with lethargy, initially suspected as meningitis.
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed pleocytosis and elevated protein.
- Following initial antibiotic and steroid treatment, progressive lower extremity weakness emerged.
Findings:
- A midthoracic spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was diagnosed as the cause of the neurological deficit.
- The case underscores the diagnostic challenge of spinal cord AVMs in infants.
Implications:
- Early recognition and diagnosis of spinal cord AVMs are crucial for appropriate management in infants.
- Reviewing the classification and pathophysiology of these rare lesions aids in understanding and treatment.