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Related Experiment Videos

CD28 is required for germinal center formation

S E Ferguson1, S Han, G Kelsoe

  • 1Department of Medicine, Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|June 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary

The CD28 activation pathway is crucial for T-dependent antibody responses. CD28-deficient mice show impaired germinal center formation and somatic mutation, hindering effective humoral immunity against pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The T cell costimulatory molecule CD28 plays a role in humoral immunity.
  • CD28-deficient mice display defects in antibody (Ab) isotype switching and increased susceptibility to certain pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microenvironmental basis of B cell defects in CD28-deficient mice.
  • To elucidate the role of CD28 in germinal center formation and B cell maturation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of B cell responses in CD28-deficient mice.
  • Examination of B cell activation, migration, proliferation, and somatic mutation within lymphoid tissues.

Main Results:

  • Potentially antigen-reactive B cells accumulate in lymphoid follicles of CD28-deficient mice after antigenic challenge.

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  • These B cells fail to undergo proliferative expansion necessary for germinal center formation.
  • Somatic mutations in rearranged immunoglobulin genes are not acquired in CD28-deficient animals.

    • Conclusions:

    • The CD28 activation pathway is essential for the development of germinal centers and antibody responses to T-dependent antigens.
    • CD28 signaling is required for B cell proliferation and somatic hypermutation during an immune response.