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Related Experiment Videos

Sterol esterification in yeast: a two-gene process

H Yang1, M Bard, D A Bruner

  • 1Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, 10032, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 31, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers identified two yeast genes, ARE1 and ARE2, encoding acyl-coenzyme A (CoA): cholesterol acyl transferase (ACAT)-related enzymes. Deleting both genes eliminated sterol esters and down-regulated sterol biosynthesis.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular genetics

Background:

  • Unesterified sterol is crucial for eukaryotic membrane function.
  • In humans, acyl-coenzyme A (CoA): cholesterol acyl transferase (ACAT) esterifies sterols for storage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize ACAT-related genes in yeast.
  • To investigate the role of these genes in sterol ester biosynthesis and regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Gene identification using sequence homology.
  • Gene deletion and analysis of sterol ester levels.
  • Measurement of sterol biosynthesis via [14C]acetate incorporation.

Main Results:

  • Two yeast genes, ARE1 and ARE2, encoding ACAT-related enzymes were identified.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Deletion of ARE2 reduced sterol ester levels by 75%; ARE1 deletion had no effect.
  • Deletion of both ARE1 and ARE2 resulted in undetectable sterol esters and down-regulated sterol biosynthesis.

    • Conclusions:

    • ARE1 and ARE2 are essential for sterol ester biosynthesis in yeast.
    • Yeast ACAT-related enzymes play a key role in sterol metabolism.
    • Discovery of these genes aids in understanding the ACAT gene family in humans.