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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
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Auditory startle response during exposure to war stress

A Y Shalev1, O B Bonne, T Peri

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.

Comprehensive Psychiatry
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

War stress did not significantly alter auditory startle responses (ASRs) in healthy individuals. However, some participants showed reduced skin conductance habituation during wartime, suggesting potential stress vulnerability and links to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

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Area of Science:

  • Psychophysiology
  • Stress research
  • Trauma studies

Background:

  • Auditory startle responses (ASRs) are sensitive indicators of physiological arousal.
  • War stress can significantly impact mental and physiological health.
  • Understanding stress responses is crucial for identifying individuals at risk for trauma-related disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immediate effects of war stress on physiological measures of auditory startle responses (ASRs).
  • To examine changes in ASRs, anxiety levels, and habituation patterns before, during, and after a wartime period.
  • To explore potential links between stress-induced physiological changes and vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy Israeli subjects were assessed on three occasions: pre-war, during a wartime missile alert, and post-war.
  • Physiological responses including orbicularis oculi electromyogram (EMG), heart rate (HR), and skin conductance (SC) to auditory stimuli were measured.
  • Habituation rates of these responses and self-reported anxiety levels were analyzed across the different time points.

Main Results:

  • Overall anxiety scores were significantly higher during the wartime period compared to pre- and post-war assessments.
  • Auditory startle responses (ASRs) magnitude and habituation remained stable across the three conditions for the group.
  • A decrease in skin conductance (SC) habituation was noted in a subset of individuals during the war, indicating potential stress vulnerability.

Conclusions:

  • While group-level ASRs were resilient to immediate war stress, individual differences in SC habituation may signal heightened vulnerability.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the psychophysiological impact of acute stress and its potential relation to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  • Further research is warranted to explore the long-term implications of stress-induced changes in habituation patterns.