Internal doses to Ukrainian populations using Dnieper River water

The dynamics of internal doses from 137CS and 90Sr as a consequence of the use of Dnieper River water were calculated. Local peculiarities of municipal tap, irrigation, and fish consumption in the Ukraine were considered. The dynamics of 90Sr accumulation in human bone as a result of the use of Dnieper water is simulated. The dose predictions are based on de facto data and the stochastic forecast of radionuclide concentrations in Dnieper reservoirs. A large array of statistical data on the age-structures of exposed populations, food consumption rate, agricultural production, fish contamination, and site-specific parameters were used. Exposures are estimated for 12 regions of the Dnieper basin and the Crimea Republic. The maximal individual annual committed effective doses are 1.7 X 10(-5) and 2.7 X 10(-5) Sv from 90Sr and 137Cs, respectively, due to the use of water in 1986 by members of the population in the Kievska region. Commercial fishermen on the Kievska reservoir, who consumed 360 kg y(-1) of fish in 1986, received 4.7 X 10(-4) and 5 X 10(-3) Sv from 90Sr and 137Cs, respectively. The contributions to the collective (over 70 y) effective dose of irrigation, municipal tap water, and fish consumption for members of the general public, respectively, are 18%, 43%, 39% in the Kievska region; 8%, 25%, 67% in the Poltavska region; 50% 50%, 0% (no Dnieper fish consumed) in the Crimea Republic. The predicted contribution of 90Sr to collective dose resulting from the use of water is 80%. The collective dose to the population of the Dnieper regions (32.5 million people) is 3,000 person-Sv, due to the use of water.