Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026

19:53
Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Functional transfer of pronator quadratus free flap for thenar muscle loss
1Division of Plastic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA.
Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery
|February 1, 1996
Abstract:
A case of functional replacement for traumatic thenar muscle loss using an innervated pronator quadratus free flap is reported. The pronator quadratus matched the damaged thenar muscle in size and excursion and provided satisfactory thumb opposition in long-term follow-up.

