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Deprivation and bronchiolitis

N Spencer1, S Logan, S Scholey

  • 1Centre for Community and Social Paediatric Research, University of Warwick, Coventry.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
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Socioeconomic deprivation is linked to a higher risk of infant bronchiolitis hospital admissions. Children in deprived areas are over 1.5 times more likely to be admitted for this respiratory illness.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric respiratory health
  • Social epidemiology
  • Public health research

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants, often requiring hospitalization.
  • Socioeconomic factors are increasingly recognized as determinants of child health outcomes.
  • Previous research suggests a link between deprivation and various childhood illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between socioeconomic deprivation and the risk of hospital admission for clinically suspected bronchiolitis in infants.
  • To determine if this association persists after accounting for environmental factors like parental smoking.
  • To examine the relationship for both general and severe cases of bronchiolitis.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted involving infants under one year of age in Sheffield.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cases were infants admitted with clinically suspected bronchiolitis; controls were drawn from the Sheffield Child Development Study.
  • Residential postcodes were used to determine deprivation levels via the Townsend deprivation index, and parental smoking data were collected.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant positive correlation was found between increasing levels of socioeconomic deprivation and the risk of hospital admission for bronchiolitis.
    • Infants residing in the two most deprived electoral wards were over 1.5 times more likely to be admitted (OR 1.67) or admitted with medical intervention (OR 1.74).
    • These findings remained consistent even after excluding children from smoky households, indicating the robustness of the deprivation effect.

    Conclusions:

    • Living in socioeconomically deprived areas significantly increases an infant's risk of hospital admission for bronchiolitis.
    • This association is independent of parental smoking and holds true even when considering only more severe cases.
    • Public health strategies should address socioeconomic disparities to mitigate the burden of infant bronchiolitis.