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Related Experiment Videos

Fetal globin expression in New World monkeys

R M Johnson1, S Buck, C Chiu

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Wayne State Medical School, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|June 21, 1996
PubMed
Summary

New World monkeys exhibit fetal gamma-globin expression, indicating this trait evolved between 55 and 35 million years ago. This evolutionary shift involved gamma-globin gene duplication and altered expression in platyrrhines.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Primate genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gamma-globin expression patterns vary across primate and mammalian species.
  • Fetal globin expression is crucial for oxygen transport during gestation.
  • Understanding globin evolution provides insights into primate diversification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gamma-globin expression in New World monkeys (platyrrhines).
  • To determine the evolutionary timeline for fetal gamma-globin recruitment.
  • To analyze the impact of gamma-globin gene duplication on expression.

Main Methods:

  • Reverse phase chromatography of globin chains from erythrocytes.
  • Chemical sequencing and mass spectrometric analysis of globin chains.

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  • High-performance liquid chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for detailed analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Fetal gamma-globin expression was confirmed in Cebus apella, Aotus azarae, and Callithrix jacchus.
    • Evolution of fetal gamma-globin recruitment occurred between 55 and 35 million years ago.
    • Analysis revealed differential expression of duplicated gamma-globin genes (gamma1 and gamma2) and a trend towards single gamma-globin expression in platyrrhines.

    Conclusions:

    • The evolution of fetal globin recruitment is placed between the simian-prosimian and platyrrhine-catarrhine divergences.
    • Gamma-globin gene duplication facilitated the acquisition of fetal expression patterns.
    • Platyrrhine primates show an evolutionary trend towards simplifying the duplicated gamma-globin gene locus to express a single gamma-globin polypeptide.