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Granisetron reduces vomiting after strabismus surgery and tonsillectomy in children
1Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University School of Medicine, Japan.
Insights
Granisetron effectively prevents postoperative vomiting and retching in children undergoing strabismus repair and tonsillectomy. This antiemetic significantly reduced nausea symptoms compared to placebo, improving patient recovery.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
- Surgical Outcomes
Background:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications in pediatric surgery.
- Selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists offer a targeted approach to managing PONV.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the antiemetic effectiveness of granisetron in pediatric patients.
- To evaluate granisetron's impact on postoperative vomiting and retching following strabismus repair and tonsillectomy.
Main Methods:
- A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study involving 50 pediatric patients (4-10 years).
- Patients received either granisetron (40 mcg/kg) or placebo intravenously post-anesthesia induction.
- Postoperative retching and vomiting frequencies were recorded over 24 hours.
Main Results:
- Granisetron significantly reduced the incidence of retching (12% vs. 36%) and vomiting (8% vs. 32%) compared to placebo (P < 0.05).
- No patients receiving granisetron required rescue antiemetic medication, unlike four in the placebo group.
Conclusions:
- Granisetron demonstrates significant efficacy in preventing postoperative retching and vomiting in pediatric patients.
- The study supports granisetron as a valuable antiemetic for children undergoing specific surgical procedures.
Purpose:
To evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of granisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist, on postoperative vomiting in children undergoing general anaesthesia for strabismus repair and tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy.
Methods:
In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, fifty patients, 4-10 yr of age, were given a single dose of either placebo (saline, n = 25) or granisetron (40 micrograms.kg-1, n = 25) iv over 2-5 min after the induction of anaesthesia and prior to the surgical procedure. Postoperatively, during the first 24 hr after anaesthesia, the frequencies of retching and vomiting were recorded.
Results:
There were no differences between the two groups with regard to patient characteristics, surgical procedures and anaesthetic or postoperative management. The incidence of retching was 36% and 12% after administration of placebo or granisetron, respectively (P < 0.05); the corresponding frequencies of vomiting were 32% and 8% (P < 0.05). Four children who had received placebo required another rescue antiemetic drug, whereas none who had received granisetron needed this agent.
Conclusion:
Granisetron is effective in the prevention of retching and vomiting after strabismus repair and tonsillectomy in paediatric patients.