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Mandibular lengthening by intraoral distraction using osseointegrated implants
Y Sawaki1, H Ohkubo, H Yamamoto
1Department of Oral Surgery, Nagoya University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Summary
This study introduces a novel intraoral device for mandibular lengthening via distraction osteogenesis, avoiding external scars and nerve damage. Osseointegrated dental implants provide stable anchorage for successful bone regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Mandibular lengthening using distraction osteogenesis is crucial for treating congenital deformities and bone defects.
- Current extraoral methods pose risks like facial scarring and nerve injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a novel intraoral distraction osteogenesis device anchored by osseointegrated implants for mandibular lengthening.
- To overcome the limitations associated with external fixation devices.
Main Methods:
- Ten adult canines underwent tooth extraction and placement of two titanium implants in the mandible.
- An intraoral distraction device was connected to the implants, followed by a medial corticotomy.
- Distraction was performed at 1 mm/day for a total of 10 mm elongation.
Main Results:
- Radiographic and histologic analyses confirmed successful mandibular lengthening.
- New bone formation occurred via intramembranous and partial endochondral ossification.
- Titanium implants demonstrated stable anchorage throughout the distraction process.
Conclusions:
- The intraoral device utilizing osseointegrated dental implants is a viable and effective mechanism for mandibular distraction osteogenesis.
- This approach offers a promising alternative to extraoral methods, minimizing complications.