Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Hepatitis B surface antigen variation and protective immunity

C R Howard1, L M Allison

  • 1Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK.

Intervirology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Editorial: Evidenced based medical care of hospitalized children with local adaptations in low-resource settings.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2023
Same author

Lentiviral hepatitis B pseudotype entry requires sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide and additional hepatocyte-specific factors.

The Journal of general virology·2015
Same author

Effect of Human Milk and its Components on Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Formation.

The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry·2015
Same author

Viral hepatitis: diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

Immunology today·2014
Same author

Synthetic peptides: a next generation of vaccines?

Immunology today·2014
Same author

A peptide mimotope of hepatitis C virus E2 protein is immunogenic in mice and block human anti-HCV sera.

Journal of medical virology·2010
Same journal

Formulated curcumin exerts potent anti-influenza activity by inhibition of Akt activation and viral genome replication.

Intervirology·2026
Same journal

Isolation of a Variant of the Felid Herpesvirus 1-Live Attenuated Vaccine Strain F2 from Unvaccinated Cats.

Intervirology·2026
Same journal

Antiviral activity of the chemokine CXCL10 against West Nile virus.

Intervirology·2025
Same journal

Serological Evidence of Bluetongue Virus Serotypes Circulating in Pakistan.

Intervirology·2025
Same journal

Expression of Concern.

Intervirology·2025
Same journal

Genetic and Antigenic Variability in VP4 and VP7 of Group A Human Rotavirus in Yunnan, China, from 2015 to 2020.

Intervirology·2025
See all related articles

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) variants can cause infections despite antibody presence. Continued use of existing vaccines is crucial for controlling Hepatitis B virus (HBV) spread.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles contain a key glycoprotein with B-cell epitopes essential for protective immunity.
  • The 'a' determinant region (residues 120-150) of the S protein is conserved, exposed on HBV particles, and targeted by protective anti-a antibodies.
  • Emergence of HBV variants has been linked to breakthrough infections, even in vaccinated individuals, often due to amino acid changes affecting antibody binding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the implications of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope protein variability on vaccine design and infection diagnosis.
  • To assess the impact of HBV variants on vaccine efficacy and public health strategies.
  • To emphasize the importance of current vaccination programs in the context of emerging HBV resistance.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of existing data on HBV envelope protein structure and function.
  • Examination of documented cases of HBV breakthrough infections and associated viral variants.
  • Evaluation of the immunological responses to different HBV vaccine components.

Main Results:

  • The 'a' determinant is critical for protection, but variants can evade anti-HBs antibodies, leading to infections.
  • Amino acid variations in preS regions exist but do not correlate with S-antigenic domain variations and their role in protective immunity is unclear.
  • While preS inclusion enhances immune response in animals, its application in human vaccines requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • HBV envelope protein variability poses challenges for vaccine development and diagnostics.
  • Despite variant emergence, the low frequency of such events supports the continued priority of extending immunization programs with existing vaccines.
  • Ongoing surveillance and research into HBV variants are necessary to adapt and improve future vaccination strategies.