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Successful aging: predictors and associated activities

W J Strawbridge1, R D Cohen, S J Shema

  • 1Human Population Laboratory (California Public Health Foundation), Berkeley 94704-1011, USA.

American Journal of Epidemiology
|July 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Predictors of successful aging in older adults include higher income, education, and social connections. Conversely, conditions like diabetes, COPD, arthritis, and hearing loss were associated with poorer aging outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Public Health
  • Epidemiology of Aging

Background:

  • Successful aging is a key public health concern, with limited understanding of its long-term predictors.
  • The Alameda County Study provides a unique dataset for examining factors influencing healthy aging over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify six-year predictors of successful aging in a cohort of older adults.
  • To differentiate between demographic, health, and psychosocial factors associated with successful aging.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 356 men and women aged 65-95 years, followed from 1984 to 1990.
  • Successful aging defined by functional independence in activities of daily living and minimal physical performance difficulties.
  • Statistical analysis included logistic regression, adjusting for baseline factors, sex, and age.

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Main Results:

  • Positive predictors of successful aging included income above the lowest quintile, higher education (≥12 years), and white ethnicity.
  • Negative predictors (associated with unsuccessful aging) included diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), arthritis, and hearing problems.
  • Behavioral and psychosocial factors like absence of depression, close personal contacts, and frequent walking for exercise significantly predicted successful aging.

Conclusions:

  • Socioeconomic status, certain health conditions, and psychosocial factors are crucial for successful aging.
  • Interventions targeting social support, mental health, and physical activity may promote healthy aging in older populations.