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Triangular fibrocartilage injury: a laboratory model

B D Adams1, J E Samani, K A Holley

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Iowa City, USA.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Distal radioulnar joint distraction can cause triangular fibrocartilage avulsion. Absence of ulnar styloid fracture doesn't rule out wrist joint injury, suggesting other forces cause tears.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries are common wrist ailments.
  • Understanding TFCC injury mechanisms is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tensile forces as a mechanism for triangular fibrocartilage tears and ulnar styloid fractures.
  • To analyze the biomechanical response of the distal radioulnar joint under distraction.

Main Methods:

  • Cadaveric specimens were used to simulate distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) distraction to failure.
  • Strain analysis of the triangular fibrocartilage was performed using an image analysis system.
  • Recorded strains at the site of disruption during tensile loading.

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Main Results:

  • Complete avulsion of the triangular fibrocartilage from the ulna occurred in 70% of specimens.
  • No ulnar styloid fractures were observed in any specimen.
  • High strains in the radial disk did not result in tears at the disk substance or radial attachment.

Conclusions:

  • Distal radioulnar joint distraction can lead to triangular fibrocartilage avulsion from the ulna.
  • Ulnar styloid fractures and TFCC disk tears likely result from shear or compressive forces, not pure tension.
  • Avulsion injuries can occur without associated fractures, meaning no fracture does not exclude DRUJ instability.