Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 4, 2026
Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
Published on: November 1, 2010
HIV-related tuberculosis in South Africa--clinical features and outcome
1Hlabisa Hospital, Hlabisa, KwaZulu-Natal.
Objective:
To assess the difference between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and non-infected tuberculosis patients with regard to demographic characteristics, clinical features, case fatality rates and, particularly, compliance with therapy.
Design:
Cohort study.
Setting:
Hlabisa Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, a 450-bed hospital serving a rural district containing 180,000 people.
Patients:
Two hundred and ninety-seven consecutive adult patients ( > 15 years) diagnosed with tuberculosis.
Main Outcome Measures:
Age, sex, type of tuberculosis, case fatality rate and compliance with therapy.
Results:
A total of 107 out of 297 (36%) adults tested HIV-positive (95% confidence interval (CI) 31-42%). Prevalence of HIV infection was higher in women than men (46% v. 29%, relative risk (RR) 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.2). HIV-positive patients were significantly younger than HIV-negative patients (mean age 31.2 years v. 38.7 years; P < 0.001). Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) was more common in HIV-positive patients (41% v. 11%, RR 3.7, 95% CI 2.3-5.9). The case fatality rate was higher in HIV-positive patients (13% v. 9%, RR 1.5, 95% CI 0.7-3.0). Many more HIV-positive patients failed to complete treatment (21% v. 7%, RR 3.0, 95% CI 1.5-6.0).
Conclusions:
We found that HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis were three times more likely to fail to complete treatment than HIV-negative patients. HIV infection is clearly altering the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in rural South Africa and poses an additional challenge to tuberculosis control programmes to maintain high case-holding rates among HIV-infected tuberculosis patients.
More Related Videos
10:04Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
07:21Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
01:23Tuberculosis