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Cellular factors mediate cadmium-dependent actin depolymerization

Z Wang1, D M Templeton

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Canada.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Cadmium (Cd2+) disrupts the actin cytoskeleton in kidney cells by altering calcium-dependent proteins. This study reveals how cellular factors modify cadmium

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Toxicology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cadmium exposure causes actin cytoskeleton depolymerization in cultured cells.
  • Previous work showed picomolar Cd2+ concentrations affect renal mesangial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of cadmium's action on actin polymerization and depolymerization.
  • To explore the role of cellular factors in mediating cadmium's effects.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro actin polymerization/depolymerization assays using pyrene-labeled actin.
  • Analysis of mesangial cell cytosol and cytoskeleton.
  • Ligand blotting to identify actin-binding proteins.

Main Results:

  • High Cd2+ concentrations increased actin polymerization in vitro, while lower concentrations stabilized filaments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Mesangial cell cytosol from cadmium-treated cells decreased polymerization and increased depolymerization.
  • Calcium-dependent factors and altered actin-associated proteins (gelsolin and severin families) were identified.

    • Conclusions:

    • Cadmium's effect on the mesangial cell cytoskeleton is mediated by cellular factors.
    • Cadmium alters the levels or activity of actin-binding proteins in a calcium-dependent manner.