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Case reports: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced meningitis in patients with HIV infection
R Jurado1, S L Carpenter, D Rimland
1Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30033, USA.
Abstract:
Meningitis is a frequent complication of the human immunodeficiency infection. Possible causes include bacterial, fungal, mycobacterial, syphilitic, and vital pathogens (including the human immunodeficiency virus). Drugs must also be considered in the differential diagnosis. Two patients with probable trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced meningitis are described in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Insights
Meningitis is a common complication in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study highlights two cases where meningitis was likely caused by the drug trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Meningitis is a significant complication in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
- Differential diagnosis of meningitis in HIV patients includes infectious agents and drug-induced causes.
Observation:
- Two cases of meningitis in HIV-infected patients are presented.
- The clinical presentation suggested drug-induced meningitis.
Findings:
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was identified as the probable causative agent in both cases.
- This highlights the importance of considering drug-induced meningitis in the differential diagnosis for HIV patients.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as a potential cause of meningitis in HIV-infected patients.
- Awareness of drug-induced meningitis can lead to timely diagnosis and appropriate management, improving patient outcomes.