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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
05:25

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Published on: August 14, 2019

[Urinary calculi in a geriatric setting]

M N Mhiri1, S Achiche, F Maazoun

  • 1Service d'Urologie, CHU H, Sfax, Tunisie.

Annales D'Urologie
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elderly patients (65-88 years) with urolithiasis present similar symptoms to younger patients but have more comorbidities. These age-related conditions significantly impact treatment, prognosis, and outcomes for urinary stones.

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Urology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Urolithiasis is a common condition affecting patients of all ages.
  • The prevalence and characteristics of urolithiasis in the elderly population require specific consideration.
  • Aging is associated with increased comorbidities that can complicate medical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of urolithiasis in elderly patients.
  • To compare elderly urolithiasis patients with a younger cohort.
  • To identify factors influencing the prognosis of urinary stones in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis.
  • Inclusion of 174 patients aged 65-88 years with urolithiasis.
  • Comparison of clinical and radiological findings with a general urolithiasis patient population.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients with urolithiasis showed no significant differences in clinical or radiological findings compared to younger patients.
  • A high prevalence of age-related comorbidities was observed in the elderly urolithiasis group.
  • Associated diseases significantly altered management strategies, prognosis, and patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • While urolithiasis presentation is similar across age groups, comorbidities in the elderly significantly complicate care.
  • Management protocols for urolithiasis in older adults must account for associated diseases.
  • Prognosis and outcomes for elderly patients with urinary stones are substantially influenced by comorbidities.