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The respiration-driven active sodium transport system in E. coli does not function with lithium

M L Verkhovskaya1, M I Verkhovsky, M Wikström

  • 1Helisinki Bioenegetics Group, Department of Medical Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland. verhovs@penger.helsinki.fi

FEBS Letters
|June 17, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Lithium ions (Li+) cannot be expelled from E. coli cells like sodium ions (Na+). A distinct active sodium transport (AST) system, inhibited by Li+, is responsible for Na+ transport, not Na+/H+ antiporters.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • E. coli utilizes active transport systems for cation homeostasis.
  • Understanding the specific mechanisms of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) transport is crucial for cell function.
  • Distinguishing between different transport systems, such as Na+/H+ antiporters and active sodium transport (AST), is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the active transport of alkali cations (Na+ and Li+) in E. coli.
  • To elucidate the role of the active sodium transport (AST) system in Na+ expulsion and K+ accumulation.
  • To investigate the effect of Li+ on the Na+/H+ antiporters and the AST system.

Main Methods:

  • Loading E. coli cells with either Na+ or Li+.
  • Comparing respiration-driven cation transport under different ionic conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Monitoring Li+/Na+ exchange and K+ accumulation rates.
  • Assessing the impact of Li+ on the AST system's activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Li+ could not be expelled from E. coli cells, unlike Na+.
    • K+ accumulation was significantly inhibited in Li+-loaded cells, despite maintained membrane potential and respiratory rate.
    • Li+/Na+ exchange occurred when Li+-loaded cells were transferred to a Na+-containing medium, delaying K+ accumulation.
    • Active Na+ and K+ transport initiated only after intracellular Li+ was replaced by Na+.
    • The AST system, responsible for active Na+ transport, was found to be inhibited by Li+.

    Conclusions:

    • The active sodium transport (AST) system, possessing Na+,K+/H+ antiporter activity, is responsible for active Na+ transport in E. coli.
    • This AST system is distinct from the Na+/H+ antiporters and is specifically inhibited by Li+.
    • Li+ interferes with both Na+ expulsion and K+ accumulation in E. coli, highlighting its specific inhibitory effect on the AST system.