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Trait factors, state effects, and hypnotizability

V K Kumar¹, R J Pekala, J Cummings

¹Department of Psychology, West Chester University, PA 19383, USA.

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

|July 1, 1996

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Hypnotizability is linked to specific personality traits and conscious experiences. Factors like absorption-permissiveness and attention to internal processes significantly predict hypnotic susceptibility, with state factors being more influential than trait factors.

Area of Science:

Psychology
Cognitive Science
Neuroscience

Background:

Hypnotizability, the capacity to experience hypnosis, is influenced by a complex interplay of individual differences.
Understanding the psychological correlates of hypnotizability is crucial for both theoretical and applied contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between specific personality traits and phenomenological states with hypnotic susceptibility.
To identify which trait and state factors are most predictive of performance on the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility.

Main Methods:

Utilized factor analysis to identify underlying trait and state factors from 15 trait variables and 21 phenomenological variables.
Correlated identified factors with scores on the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form A.

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Main Results:

Factor analysis revealed three trait factors (absorption-permissiveness, sensation seeking, social desirability) and five state factors (dissociated control, positive affect, negative affect, attention to internal processes, visual imagery).
Absorption-permissiveness, dissociated control, positive affect, and attention to internal processes were significantly correlated with hypnotizability.
State factors explained approximately 22% of the variance in hypnotizability, while trait factors explained about 9%.

Conclusions:

Phenomenological state factors, particularly attention to internal processes and a dissociated control state, are stronger predictors of hypnotizability than personality traits.
The findings highlight the dynamic nature of conscious experience in modulating hypnotic susceptibility.