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Related Experiment Videos

Evidence for response set effects in structured research interviews

A I Alterman1, E C Snider, J S Cacciola

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Methadone-maintained patients" response styles on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) affected their interview scores. "Fake bad" profiles scored highest, while "fake good" profiles scored lowest on interviews.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is used to assess personality traits and psychopathology.
  • Invalid response profiles ('fake bad' or 'fake good') on the PAI can compromise the validity of assessment results.
  • Understanding how response styles influence clinical interview data is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether invalid response profiles on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) influence scores on clinical interviews.
  • To compare data from the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) between methadone-maintained patients with valid, 'fake bad', and 'fake good' PAI profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Compared data from 158 methadone-maintained patients with valid PAI profiles against 20 with 'fake bad' and 15 with 'fake good' PAI profiles.

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  • Utilized Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) data for comparison.
  • Analyzed for significant group differences in interview scores based on PAI response validity.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences were observed between the groups on both the ASI and DIS.
    • 'Fake bad' subjects consistently scored highest, indicating more severe problems.
    • 'Fake good' subjects consistently scored lowest, suggesting minimized problems.
    • Interviewers did not appear to detect the response biases.

    Conclusions:

    • Response sets on the PAI appear to extend to performance during semi-structured clinical interviews.
    • This suggests that interview data may be influenced by deliberate attempts to present oneself in a particularly negative or positive light.
    • Further research is needed to explore the implications of these findings and alternative interpretations.