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Meconium-stained amniotic fluid-associated infectious morbidity: a randomized, double-blind trial of
C D Adair1, J M Ernest, L Sanchez-Ramos
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of intrapartum prophylactic administration of ampicillin-sulbactam in reducing intraamniotic infection and postpartum endometritis in patients with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (AF).
Methods:
Patients with intrapartum meconium-stained AF were randomized to receive either ampicillin-sulbactam or normal saline (placebo) intravenously at the time of diagnosis of meconium and every 6 hours until delivery. The outcomes of the two groups were compared with respect to intra-amniotic infection and postpartum endometritis.
Results:
During the study period, 332 patients with meconium-stained AF were approached for participation, and 120 patients met inclusion criteria and were enrolled. Patient demographics, labor, and delivery characteristics were similar. Ampicillin-sulbactam reduced the incidence of intra-amniotic infection from 23.3 to 6.7%, (P = .02; relative risk [RR] 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22-0.98). The incidence of postpartum endometritis was also reduced, but the difference was statistically nonsignificant (8.3 versus 16.7%, P = .16; RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.30-1.33).
Conclusion:
Prophylactic intravenous ampicillin-sulbactam significantly reduces intra-amniotic infection in patients with meconium-stained AF.