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Related Experiment Videos

Maternal risks for very low birth weight infant mortality

T Sumits1, R Bennett, J Gould

  • 1Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA 95128, USA.

Pediatrics
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Maternal cocaine use, prior infant death, and planned pregnancy were linked to survival in very low birth weight infants. These factors may influence infant mortality, highlighting the role of maternal behaviors in birth outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatal epidemiology
  • Neonatal survival research
  • Maternal-infant health outcomes

Background:

  • Known maternal risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) are typically associated with adverse outcomes.
  • The impact of these risk factors on the survival of extremely LBW infants requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if established maternal risk factors for LBW directly influence infant mortality among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.
  • To investigate the independent association of specific maternal risk factors with VLBW infant survival.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, population-based case-control study design.
  • Inclusion of all singleton VLBW infants (<1500g) born to Oakland residents over a 3-year period.
  • Matching of deceased VLBW infants (cases) with surviving VLBW infants (controls) by birth weight, sex, and race.

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Main Results:

  • Maternal cocaine use showed a significant association with VLBW infant survival (OR=5.43).
  • A history of prior infant death in the mother was strongly associated with VLBW infant survival (OR=27.14).
  • Planned pregnancy was also independently associated with increased survival for VLBW infants (OR=6.33).

Conclusions:

  • Certain maternal risk factors for LBW may paradoxically confer a survival advantage to VLBW infants.
  • Maternal cocaine use, prior infant death, and planned pregnancy are independently associated with survival in VLBW infants.
  • These findings suggest that maternal behaviors and history play a significant role in birth weight-specific infant mortality and warrant further evaluation.