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Chemokines in stored platelet concentrates
S Bubel1, D Wilhelm, M Entelmann
1Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Lübeck School of Medicine, Lübeck, Germany.
Transfusion
|May 1, 1996
Summary
Platelet concentrates accumulate inflammatory chemokines like platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, and RANTES during storage. These released mediators may contribute to nonhemolytic transfusion reactions, warranting further clinical investigation.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Transfusion Medicine
- Immunology
Background:
- Platelets store proinflammatory chemokines within organelles.
- Release of these chemokines during platelet concentrate (PC) storage may cause nonhemolytic transfusion reactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the levels of key chemokines and other mediators in stored PCs.
- To investigate the impact of storage duration and preparation method on chemokine release.
Main Methods:
- Measured pH and levels of platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, interleukin 8, RANTES, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 alpha, lactate dehydrogenase, and serotonin in PC supernatants.
- Analyzed PCs prepared by apheresis or buffy coat pooling, with some buffy coat PCs filtered before storage.
- Assessed mediator levels on storage Days 1, 3, 5, and 8.
Main Results:
- Platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, and RANTES significantly increased in PCs over storage time (p < 0.001).
- Apheresis PCs showed decreased pH and increased lactate dehydrogenase compared to buffy coat PCs.
- Interleukin 8 was rarely detected, except in apheresis PCs with high white cell contamination.
Conclusions:
- Platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, and RANTES accumulate in PCs during storage due to release from platelets.
- These accumulating chemokines possess inflammatory potential and may contribute to nonhemolytic transfusion reactions.
- Further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of transfusing PCs with elevated chemokine levels.