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Numerically dominant denitrifying bacteria from world soils

T N Gamble, M R Betlach, J M Tiedje

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |April 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Dominant denitrifier bacteria in diverse environments are often Pseudomonas fluorescens and Alcaligenes, not previously studied species. Denitrification is a widespread trait among gram-negative bacteria, with environmental temperature influencing isolate growth.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Environmental Science
    • Bacteriology

    Background:

    • Denitrification is a crucial microbial process in nitrogen cycling.
    • Understanding denitrifier populations is vital for environmental management and biogeochemical studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify dominant denitrifier populations in various global environments.
    • To characterize isolates and compare them with known denitrifier species.
    • To assess the diversity and prevalence of denitrification in different sample types.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of anaerobic nitrate-reducing organisms from diverse soils, sediments, and manure.
    • Purification and verification of 146 denitrifying isolates.
    • Characterization using 52 properties and numerical taxonomy for comparison with nine known species.

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    Main Results:

    • Pseudomonas fluorescens biotype II and Alcaligenes were the most prevalent denitrifiers.
    • Flavobacterium species, previously unknown to denitrify, were identified.
    • Dominant isolates did not resemble commonly studied species like Pseudomonas denitrificans or Paracoccus denitrificans.
    • High diversity of denitrifiers was observed in most samples.
    • Isolate growth temperature correlated significantly with environmental temperature.

    Conclusions:

    • Denitrification is a common trait in a diverse range of gram-negative, motile bacteria.
    • The dominant denitrifiers are not necessarily the most studied species.
    • Environmental temperature is a key factor influencing denitrifier populations.