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Serotonin, eating behavior, and fat intake

J E Blundell1, C L Lawton, J C Halford

  • 1Psychology Department, University of Leeds, UK.

Obesity Research
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Serotonin activity influences eating patterns and appetite. Manipulating serotonin, particularly with drugs, can reduce fat intake and body weight gain, suggesting a role in satiety signals.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Serotonin (5-HT) activity is closely linked to nutritional intake and eating behavior.
  • Both serotonin and nutritional manipulations can alter the sensitivity of the serotonin network.
  • Traditionally, serotonin's link to nutrition focused on carbohydrates, but its role in fat intake is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between serotonin activity and fat consumption.
  • To investigate the effects of serotonin manipulation on energy intake and body weight, particularly in response to high-fat diets.
  • To examine the potential mechanisms linking serotonin to fat intake and satiety.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental neuropharmacological manipulations of serotonin in animal models.
  • Administration of 5-HT drugs to rats on high-fat or cafeteria diets.
  • Analysis of diet selection patterns and body weight changes.
  • Review of human studies on 5-HT manipulation and food choice, with a focus on fat intake.

Main Results:

  • Serotonin manipulation reduced energy intake and reversed weight gain in rats fed high-fat diets.
  • 5-HT drugs decreased food intake and blocked weight gain in rats on cafeteria diets.
  • Studies indicated a prominent reduction in fat intake following serotonin manipulation, suggesting 5-HT's role in selective fat avoidance.
  • Evidence suggests serotonin influences fat intake via pre-absorptive mechanisms, potentially involving cholecystokinin and enterostatin.

Conclusions:

  • Serotonin activity plays a significant role in regulating fat consumption and body weight.
  • Serotonin manipulation, particularly through pharmacological means, can reduce the intake of high-fat foods.
  • These findings suggest serotonin's involvement in fat-induced satiety and offer potential strategies for appetite control.

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